Architecture
Transformer
A neural network architecture that uses self-attention mechanisms to process sequential data in parallel, forming the foundation of most modern LLMs.
Explained at five levels
Level 1
The special design inside modern AI that lets it pay attention to all parts of a sentence at once — like reading a whole page instead of one word at a time.
Level 2
The type of AI architecture behind ChatGPT, Claude, and other modern AI. It's really good at understanding the relationships between words in a sentence.
Level 3
A neural network architecture that uses self-attention mechanisms to process sequential data in parallel, forming the foundation of most modern LLMs.
Level 4
The dominant sequence modeling architecture based on multi-head self-attention and position-wise feed-forward layers, enabling parallel computation and capturing long-range dependencies more effectively than RNNs.
Level 5
An architecture employing scaled dot-product attention over queries, keys, and values with multi-head projections, achieving O(n²d) complexity per layer — foundational to the scaling hypothesis and emergent capability literature.
Definitions are educational summaries. Terminology can vary by source and context.
Sources
- NIST Trustworthy and Responsible AI Resource Center: Glossary — National Institute of Standards and Technology. Accessed 2026-07-20.